My Local Guide

Historic Towns Along The Black Hills Border

Lawrence County, South Dakota

Deadwood anchors Lawrence County on South Dakota’s western border, while Lead, Spearfish and Whitewood provide other community identities. The county’s name recalls its first treasurer, and its historical account connects local government with trade and transportation in the Black Hills. The U.S. Census Bureau estimated 29,459 residents in Lawrence County, South Dakota, on July 1, 2025. The county has approximately 800 square miles of land, according to the 2020 Census Gazetteer.

Lawrence County at a Glance

Population29,459 (July 1, 2025 Census estimate)
County SeatDeadwood
Established1875 (organized; NACo County Explorer)
Total Area, Including Water800.311 square miles, including water (2020 Census geography)
Area Codes605
Lawrence County courthouse
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Lawrence County

Lawrence County was named for John Lawrence, its first county treasurer. Territorial legislation established county jurisdiction in the 1870s, and Deadwood became a regional trade and transportation center. Its story is connected with neighboring communities, including Lead and Spearfish, rather than representing the whole county's history on its own. The county's community network makes trade and travel useful themes for further exploration. Its territorial institutions belong within a broader Black Hills history, rather than replacing the region's earlier cultural connections.

Pair Deadwood's civic and commercial history with one neighboring community for a wider county perspective. Lead, Spearfish and Whitewood offer different local contexts. Use current historical interpretation that also recognizes the Black Hills' Indigenous history, rather than relying exclusively on older settlement accounts. Choose the second community for a particular interest and allow time for its own interpretation. Comparing local accounts is more useful than assuming the county seat's experience describes every neighboring town.

What Shapes Us

Local Character

The county's name recalls its first treasurer, and its historical account connects local government with trade and transportation in the Black Hills.

Community History

Lawrence County was named for John Lawrence, its first county treasurer. Territorial legislation established county jurisdiction in the 1870s, and Deadwood became a regional trade and transportation center.

Explore Locally

Pair Deadwood's civic and commercial history with one neighboring community for a wider county perspective. Lead, Spearfish and Whitewood offer different local contexts.

Discover the separate town stories within a shared hills landscape.
County Guide

Brown County

Aberdeen anchors Brown County in northeastern South Dakota, while the Dacotah Prairie Museum and Centennial Village provide ways to explore local history. Rural education, agriculture and community institutions…

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County Resources

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Schools

Public school contacts

Selected local schools from the NCES 2024-2025 directory. Contact the school or district to confirm enrollment, attendance boundaries and current services; this is not a complete school list.

Lead-Deadwood Elementary – 03 – Elementary; grades KG-05. 716 Main St, Deadwood, SD 57732. 605-717-3884.

Whitewood Elementary – 04 – Elementary; grades PK-05. 603 Garfield St, Whitewood, SD 57793. 605-269-2264.

Creekside Elementary – 07 – Elementary; grades 03-05. 2325 N Ave, Spearfish, SD 57783. 605-717-1210.

Lead-Deadwood High School – 01 – High; grades 09-12. 320 S Main St, Lead, SD 57754. 605-717-3899.

Lead-Deadwood Middle School – 02 – Middle; grades 06-08. 234 S Main St, Lead, SD 57754. 605-717-3898.

Mountain View Elementary – 08 – Elementary; grades KG-KG. 400 E Hudson, Spearfish, SD 57783. 605-717-1209.

West Elementary – 03 – Elementary; grades 01-02. 920 W King St, Spearfish, SD 57783. 605-717-1205.

Get to Know Lawrence County

Useful answers for residents, visitors and anyone planning their next step.

Local Questions

Lawrence County Questions, Answered

Explore practical details about the county and the organizations that serve it.

29,459 (July 1, 2025 Census estimate). This is a dated Census Bureau estimate, rather than a live resident count.

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